The construction of any building begins with the laying of its foundation. In this case, there are several options for choosing the type of design that depend on specific factors, such as the state of the soil, the size of the building itself and its weight, the load on individual parts and the influence of groundwater.
If it is incorrect to calculate the foundation for the house, then this can subsequently lead to the formation of cracks and even the destruction of the entire building. Experts recommend attentive to this moment, in addition, the cost of the foundation is a significant part of the total amount allocated for construction.
The strip type
This type of base design is intended for houses of brick, concrete or stone, because the walls of these buildings have a fairly high weight and, accordingly, provide a high load on the base. The dimensions of the strip foundation are calculated based on the thickness of the external and internal walls, and the laying is made around the entire perimeter. In this case, the base can withstand even such significant loads as the weight of a brick house.
Several main types of tape type are distinguished:
Rectangular
Stepped
Trapezoidal
With an enhanced lower basis
Initially, the foundation for the house is calculated and the best option is selected. The trapezoidal foundation is considered the most common option, since it is able to cope with high loads that massive walls provide.
To determine the size of the strip foundation, you need to determine several parameters:
Soil deformation
The bearing capacity of the soil
This calculation includes several stages that help the developer determine not only sizes, but also calculate all the costs of building a house. Firstly, it is necessary to determine the weight of the structure, the specific pressure that it will exert on the soil, snow and useful loads.
Secondly, determine the size of the base based on the desired size of the house. The location of internal partitions and other points that can become decisive is also taken into account here.
The last stage involves adjusting and making various amendments. Such a need can arise as a result of various calculations and inspections for the strength of certain parts. If everything is taken into account correctly, then the design of the base will be able to withstand the load of the whole house.