Bouto stone foundations have been known for a long time. In the old days, not only the foundation was built from Buta, but also built the walls.
Ideally, missile foundations are suitable for the southern and mountainous regions of our country, for example, the North Caucasus, the South Urals and Crimea.
You need to know:
A bottle foundation, it is necessary to begin to build 0.3 meters below the freezing of the soil, therefore, in Central Russia, the depth will be from 1.2 meters, to 2. Whereas in Crimea there is enough trenches under the foundation depth of only 40-60 centimeters.
The availability of the material. Not in the mountains, a laundry stone costs a decent amount. Then, as in mountainous ones, Bout is present everywhere. And if desired, it can be collected by yourself, while spending funds only for rental transport, and possibly hiring workers.
Boutor foundations have both pros and cons of.
The pluses of a missile foundation
Durability.
Environmentally friendly material.
Simplicity of filling the underground part of the foundation.
The aboveground part of the foundation does not require decoration, the lamber stone looks very organic.
Botta foundation disadvantages
High trench depth in areas with strong freezing of the soil.
High cost of Buta, in some areas of the country.
The layout of the aboveground part of the foundation is quite complex and painstaking.
High consumption of cement 1: 2, maximum 1: 3, in essence it is not a cement mortar, but concrete.
The following materials will require the construction of the foundation from a boot:
Ward stone.
Cement brand M 400.
Sand. River and sea is best suited, you can also apply career, but only for the foundation pillow.
Crushed stone. The smaller the fraction, the better.
The following tools are also needed to fill the foundation:
Baying shovels.
Sutual shovels.
Celms of various sizes.
Roulette.
Plumb.
Level.
Half -wings and graters.
Concrete mixing capacity.
Immediately before the construction of the foundation, it is necessary to visually inspect the trench under it, and eliminate, if there is, crumbling earth. If the house is built in a seismically active zone, the foundation should be laid under all walls, that is, to make them all with capital. Free layout is permissible only in seismically inactive regions. In addition to resistance to fluctuations in the earth’s surface, the presence of the foundation under each wall will ensure longevity to the construction.
DIY
After the crumbling earth is eliminated, it is worth moving directly to the construction of the foundation. This process must be divided into several stages.
1. First you need to lay a pillow for the foundation. It can be made from two layers, and from four or even six. At the bottom of the trench with a thin layer we fill the crushed stone, 5-7 centimeters. You can use both small fractions of this material and large, up to gravel.
2.Next, we fall asleep with sand, as mentioned above, you can use any, but the cheapest is a career. The sand layer should not be very large, enough quantity that can close the gravel. If two levels of pillows for one reason or another are not enough, it is necessary to repeat the above. So, the pillow is ready.
3.The next stage, pouring the underground part of the foundation. This stage has several subparagraphs.
A curtain of a concrete mixture. Ideal combination of components: 2 fraction of sand (sea or river, without fail), 1 share of cement (brand cement m 400). Concrete mixture, there should be liquid. Sand can not be sifted if there are no extraneous impurities in it.
Laying of bottled stone. Lay a boot, it is necessary, if possible more tightly to each other. The formed, free space must be filled with fine -fractional gravel. In no case should the foundation be built in one approach. The thickness of the fill layer is 20-25 centimeters, otherwise the concrete solution will not be able to penetrate when filling, to the very bottom. The foundation is 60 centimeters deep, you can build in two approaches.
4.The third, the most difficult stage in the construction of a missile foundation, aboveground. If there is no self -confidence in the fact that it will work to perfectly choose combinations of bottled stones, you can do in three different ways:
Hire a professional. Of course, for such work, he will take a decent amount, for, that is, confidence in the quality and beauty of the structure.
Put the formwork and continue the fill as well as the underground part. Only the contact of the Butt with the formwork must be avoided, otherwise, in the end, this will not look aesthetically pleasing.
The aboveground part is erected from brick. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the properties of the materials used, and most importantly, their compatibility with each other. When using this method, laying a brick is necessary from the level of “-5” centimeters, relative to the ground, and not from zero.
From the above methods of erecting the aboveground part of the foundation, everyone needs to decide for themselves, which is better. Each has an advantage over others, whether it is the beauty of execution or speed of construction.
The outer part of the foundation must be erected using the level and plumb line, as well as a roulette, which will determine whether the foundation of the future building is not expanded or vice versa.
That’s actually all. The foundation made of a missile stone is able to build on his own any person who first encountered construction work.
